Who’s the best
at being the worst?

Across the Western Balkans – Serbia, North Macedonia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo, Albania, and Montenegro – journalists and activists face the same growing threat: SLAPP lawsuits (Strategic Lawsuits Against Public Participation). These legal attacks are designed to silence criticism, block transparency, and intimidate those who dare to stand up for truth. Whether aimed at journalists, activists, or whistleblowers, SLAPPs misuse legal systems to drain resources, spread fear, and block accountability.

The consequences? A chilling effect on free speech, weakened transparency, and less public scrutiny of those in power.

This contest is here to do what SLAPP offenders hate most – shine a spotlight on their tactics and call them out publicly.

For the first time ever, the region has united to expose the worst offenders. We’ve gathered the most outrageous SLAPP cases from across the Western Balkans to call out those who misuse the law to stifle free speech and public accountability.

Jury Awards

Our jury will crown the “winners” in two infamous categories:

Obstructor of Transparency

for those who go above and beyond to block transparency and silence public discourse.

Environmental Degrader

for those who have harmed environmental activism or reporting through SLAPPs.

And the most anticipated award?
Here you decide which SLAPP case deserves the ultimate (dis)honor.

Businessman, Caldero Trading LTD (Cyprus)

Montenegrin businessman Zoran Bećirović has sued the NGO MANS, as well as the newspapers Vijesti and Dan, after a story was published about suspicious business transactions involving him and then high-ranking judge Vesna Medenica. The story claims that Medenica sold land to Bećirović for ten times its actual value and that the sale was not reported to the relevant anti-corruption institutions. This transaction was carried out through several companies, one of which is registered in Cyprus. Bećirović filed the lawsuit claiming damage to his honor and reputation. He states that he was harmed by being labeled as a “controversial businessman from Kolašin,” as well as by claims from the article that he described as malicious, suggesting that the subsidiaries involved are “hidden” and “unknown” and connected to an offshore company in Cyprus. He argues that such claims portrayed him as someone who uses a complex network of companies to conceal his identity. He sought a total of 58.000 euros in damages. The Basic Court in Podgorica ruled in favor of the defendants.

Businessman, former
Deputy Prime Minister
of North Macedonia

Angjushev sued the journalist and editor of the IRL portal over the documentary “Conspiracy Against Air,” which portrayed him as an official involved in importing highly polluting fuel oil for heating public institutions in North Macedonia. The broadcast led to an investigation and citizen complaints about pollution. Skopje authorities penalized seven oil companies and revoked the licenses of four. The investigation received awards, but Angjushev claimed the report misrepresented his company’s work, harming its reputation and operations. He sought symbolic damages of 1 euro and a public apology. The court ruled twice in his favor, ordering a ban on the portal, but an appeal reversed the decision in favor of the portal—only for the same judge to later change the ruling back to a guilty verdict.

Gazmend Halilaj

Lawyer

Lawyer Gazmend Halilaj has sued journalist Saranda Ramaj after she reported that he is under investigation for revictimizing a young girl who faced sexual abuse from a teacher and a police officer. In the article by Ramaj, Halilaj was under investigation for abuse of power and sexual abuse. Although he claimed to have received information about the case from “his sources,” after which he came out to the public, sources from the investigation stated that there is evidence that Halilaj was aware of the case much earlier. Halilaj has sued journalist Ramaj for defamation and insult, asserting that the reporting was false. He is seeking 250.000 euros in damages and protective measures in the form of a media reporting ban about him and his family until a verdict is rendered.

here vote
People's choice
Aleksandar Šapić

The Mayor of Belgrade, Aleksandar Šapić, has sued BIRN Serbia, its editor-in-chief and journalists, for reporting on his villa in Trieste and the legalization of construction in the Bežanijska kosa neighborhood of Belgrade. Šapić claims to have suffered mental pain due to the violation of his honor, reputation, and human dignity. In the case of the villa in Trieste, BIRN Serbia reported that Šapić had not declared the house worth 820.000 euros. Šapić denied these claims, asserting that he provided the Anti-Corruption Agency with the purchase agreement for the villa; however, information about this case could not be found on the Agency's website, nor was there any information available about the extraordinary oversight initiated by the Agency in this case. Regarding the reporting on the property in Bežanijska kosa, Šapić denied claims that the municipality of Novi Beograd had unlawfully legalized his seven-room apartment, although the article questions the fulfillment of legalization conditions. Šapić is seeking damages of 12 million dinars in both lawsuits.

Elizabeta Imeraj

Imeraj filed a defamation lawsuit against journalist Isa Myzyrajafter he reported threats and intimidation related to his coverage of her vetting process. During March and April 2022, Myzyraj commented on the developments of the vetting process conducted by an independent body composed of international experts. He noticed that many of his colleagues were self-censoring, while most mainstream media did not report on the case. At the same time, other online media outlets openly attacked the members of the independent body, which the EU Directorate-General for Neighbourhood Policy and Enlargement referred to as an “orchestrated smear campaign.” Myzyraj stated that his investigation found that at least three of these media outlets had direct links to Imeraj, and he published his findings on Facebook and Twitter. Imeraj denied his findings and filed a lawsuit. She has been fired for causing loss of trust in the justice system and for having been unable to explain her assets.

Koccho Angjushev

Angjushev sued the journalist and editor of the IRL portal over the documentary "Conspiracy Against Air," which portrayed him as an official involved in importing highly polluting fuel oil for heating public institutions in North Macedonia. The broadcast led to an investigation and citizen complaints about pollution. Skopje authorities penalized seven oil companies and revoked the licenses of four. The investigation received awards, but Angjushev claimed the report misrepresented his company’s work, harming its reputation and operations. He sought symbolic damages of 1 euro and a public apology. The court ruled twice in his favor, ordering a ban on the portal, but an appeal reversed the decision in favor of the portal—only for the same judge to later change the ruling back to a guilty verdict.

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Journalist Lavdosh Ferruni has been sued for defamation by the company "Renco Spa" for his reporting on the harmful effects of new marine power plants in the Albanian city of Vlorë. Environmental activists previously protested against the new power plants, highlighting that they would threaten the environment in the region. In his reporting, Ferruni specifically emphasized the harm to the city and the environment if these plants were to be put into operation. Renco Spa sued him for defamation, but did not file similar lawsuits against previous reports on the same topic from various articles published by the organization Bankwatch or the online media Gijotina, nor against others who wrote about it. The case was dismissed by the judicial authorities. The court stated that Ferruni's article was based on credible sources and aimed to raise public awareness of environmental and social issues

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Activists Sunčica Kovačević and Sara Tuševljak have been sued by the company Green Invest/BUK d.o.o. after they publicly spoke about the environmental consequences caused by the company's work on a mini hydroelectric plant on the Kasidol River in Bosnia and Herzegovina. They publicly claimed that the company improperly cleared a large amount of forest and that the felled trees were not properly disposed of, which was confirmed by inspections. They raised concerns about landslides and water accumulation due to improper tree disposal. The company has filed multiple lawsuits against the activists, stating that their claims are unfounded and harmful, undermining public trust in the company’s projects. The activists agreed to speak with the investor but noted that the meeting turned into intimidation aimed at forcing them to abandon their fight for the river. The company has filed three lawsuits seeking damages for harmed business reputation in the total amount of 7.500 euros. The activists stated that they were "brutally attacked, despite having inspector's resolutions halting construction and revoking issued environmental permits".

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Activists Denis Mekić and Vasilije Ivanović have been sued by the owners of Hydro Logistics, Ivan and Slaven Burzanović, during a protest against the construction of mini hydroelectric plants on the Skrbuša River. They filed a lawsuit against Mekić and Ivanović for endangerment of safety based on Article 168 of the Criminal Code of Montenegro, after the activists stated the following words: "Blood will fall if you pass here today...", "Blood will fall, you will not pass. We will not give you a millimeter...". The activists claim that the statement referred to them, not to the plaintiffs. The plaintiffs, on the other hand, argued that they felt endangered. The defendants are defending themselves by invoking the constitutional right to a healthy environment, stating that their comments were aimed at defending the river, not at causing physical harm to the investors.

WB SLAPP CONTEST

BELGRADE
28.11.2024.